Ucwaningo olungemuva kokuhlola ngakunye

I-OpenAI, i-Anthropic ne-Perplexity ngayinye ishicilela amagama amarobhothi afunda amakhasi ezimpendulo zazo ze-AI, futhi zichaza ukuthi i-robots.txt iwavumela noma iwavimbela kanjani. Ikhasi eliwavimbelayo alikwazi ukufundwa yilawo mathuluzi, ngakho mancane amathuba okuthi alibonise noma axhumane nalo.

Izinkampani ezifanayo, ne-Google nge-«Google-Extended», zisebenzisa amanye amagama amarobhothi aqoqa umbhalo wokuqeqesha i-AI. Zithi ukuwavimbela akukukhiphi ezimpendulweni zazo zokusesha. Ukuwavimbela kuyisinqumo sebhizinisi esifanele, ngakho lokhu kuhlola akuwanciphisi neze amaphuzu akho.

I-Google ingasebenzisa imibhalo yohlelo (ama-script) yekhasi ngaphambi kokulifunda, kodwa ithi lokhu kuthatha isikhathi esengeziwe. Ukuhlaziya kwe-Vercel kwango-2024 kunethiwekhi yayo kwathola ukuthi alikho irobhothi elikhulu le-AI, kuhlanganise nalawo e-OpenAI ne-Anthropic, elasebenzisa ama-script, ngakho umbhalo oboniswa ama-script kuphela wawungabonakali kuwo. I-Microsoft Bing nayo ixwayisa ngokuthi i-AI ingase ingakuboni okuqukethwe okufihliwe.

I-llms.txt yisiphakamiso sango-2024 sefayela elifushane elikhomba amathuluzi e-AI kumakhasi abalulekile esayithi. Akulona izinga okuvunyelwene ngalo, futhi i-Google ithi izici zayo ze-AI azidingi mafayela akhethekile. Yingakho silibonisa ukuze wazi kuphela, singawashintshi amaphuzu akho.

Imibhalo ye-Google mayelana nokumaka kwe-Organization ithi kuyayisiza ukuqonda ukuthi ubani ongemuva kwesayithi, negama lalo, uphawu lwalo nemininingwane yokuxhumana. Imihlahlandlela ye-Google kubahloli bayo bekhwalithi abangabantu nayo ibacela ukuthi bafune ulwazi olucacile mayelana nokuthi ubani ophethe isayithi.

Umhlahlandlela we-Google mayelana nokuqukethwe okuwusizo ukhuthaza kakhulu amagama angempela ababhali lapho abafundi bewalindele khona, futhi uxwayisa ngokuthi ukwakha ababhali abangekho kuwukukhohlisa. Imihlahlandlela yabahloli bayo ibheka isipiliyoni nobuchwepheshe bombhali lapho bekala ukwethenjwa.

I-Google ithi usuku olucacile nolubonakalayo luyayisiza ukwazi ukuthi ikhasi lashicilelwa nini noma labuyekezwa nini. Umhlahlandlela wayo uphinde uxwayise ngokushintsha usuku ukuze libukeke lisha lapho okuqukethwe kungashintshile ngempela.

Imihlahlandlela ye-Google kubahloli bekhwalithi ibacela ukuthi bathole ukuthi ubani obhekele isayithi nokuthi angaxhunyanwa kanjani. Ulwazi oluncane kakhulu lwalolu hlobo luyisizathu sesilinganiso sekhwalithi esiphansi. Izixhumanisi ezicacile eziya kumakhasi Mayelana nathi nelokuXhumana zenza kube lula ukulithola.

Ocwaningweni lwango-2024 mayelana «nokwenza ngcono ezinjinini ezikhiqiza izimpendulo», abacwaningi abavela e-Princeton University nakwezinye izikhungo babhala kabusha amakhasi ewebhu ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi balinganisa ukuthi izimpendulo ze-AI zawasebenzisa kangakanani. Ukwengeza izibalo ezifanele kwakuphakathi kwezinguquko ezasiza kakhulu, kuze kufike cishe ku-40% ekuhloleni kwabo. Basebenzisa amasistimu e-AI alungiselelwe ucwaningo, ngakho amathuluzi angempela angahluka. I-Microsoft Bing nayo yeluleka ukusekela izimangalo ngamaqiniso angalinganiswa.

Lolo cwaningo lwango-2024 lwathola ukuthi ukucaphuna imithombo ethembekile kwakungolunye ushintsho olusebenza kakhulu, olwenza amakhasi abonakale kakhulu ezimpendulweni ze-AI. Njengayo yonke imiphumela yalo, ukuhlola kwasebenzisa amasistimu e-AI alungiselelwe ucwaningo.

Lolo cwaningo lwango-2024 lwathola ukuthi ukwengeza izingcaphuno zabantu noma zochwepheshe abafanele nakho kwenza amakhasi abonakale kakhulu ezimpendulweni ze-AI. Ukuhlola kwalo kwasebenzisa amasistimu e-AI alungiselelwe ucwaningo, ngakho amathuluzi angempela angaziphatha ngendlela ehlukile.

I-Microsoft Bing yeluleka ukubhala izihloko nombhalo njengemibuzo eqondile enezimpendulo ezicacile, ngoba lokho kufana nendlela abantu abasesha ngayo, ikakhulukazi ezimpendulweni ze-AI. Kodwa i-Google ithi izici zayo ze-AI azidingi zinguquko ezikhethekile, ngakho thatha lokhu njengeseluleko sanjini yokusesha eyodwa, hhayi umthetho womhlaba wonke.

I-Microsoft Bing yeluleka ukuqala ngempendulo yomusho owodwa noma emibili enengqondo ngokwayo, ukuze ikwazi ukuthathwa ifakwe empendulweni ye-AI. Lokhu kuvumelana «nephiramidi elihlehlisiwe» osekunesikhathi lincomwa yi-Nielsen Norman Group: iphuzu elikhulu kuqala, imininingwane kamuva, ngoba abafundi bavame ukuyeka kusenesikhathi.

Ucwaningo lwe-Nielsen Norman Group lwathola ukuthi amakhasi abhalwe kabusha ukuze abe mafushane, alula ukuwaphequlula ngamehlo (anezinhlu namagama agqanyisiwe) futhi angachemi ayelula ukuwasebenzisa ngo-124% ngaphezulu. I-Microsoft Bing nayo yeluleka ukusebenzisa izinhlu namathebula ezinyathelweni nasekuqhathaniseni, ngoba ahlukanisa imininingwane ibe yizingxenye ezicacile i-AI engazisebenzisa.

Izinga le-HTML linesici se-<main> sokuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwekhasi, kanye nezinye zesihloko sekhasi, amamenyu nonyawo lwekhasi. Ukumaka okuqukethwe ngale ndlela kusiza izifundi zesikrini, futhi kuvumela amanye amathuluzi ukuthi ahlukanise isihloko namamenyu nezikhangiso.

I-Google yamemezela ngo-2014 ukuthi isebenzisa i-HTTPS, uhlobo oluphephile lwekheli lewebhu, njengophawu oluncane ekuhleleni imiphumela. Iziphequluli nazo zibonisa amakhasi angenayo ngokuthi «Akuphephile», futhi i-HTTPS ivikela lokho izivakashi ezikubhalayo, njengamaphasiwedi.

Isilungiselelo se-«noindex» sitshela i-Google ukuthi ingalibonisi ikhasi emiphumeleni yayo. Uma sishiywe ngephutha, sikhipha ikhasi ku-Google ngokuphelele, yingakho lokhu kuhlola kunesisindo esikhulu.

Ifayela le-robots.txt litshela amarobhothi ezinjini zokusesha ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zesayithi angazifunda. I-Google iyalilandela, ngakho ikhasi elivinjwe lapho alikwazi ukufundwa kahle, nakuba i-Google ingase isabonisa ikheli lalo ngaphandle kwencazelo.

Imephu yesayithi yifayela elibala amakhasi ofuna atholakale. I-Google ithi iyayisiza ukuthola amakhasi, ikakhulukazi kumasayithi amasha noma amakhulu, kodwa ayiqinisekisi ukuthi azovela emiphumeleni.

Uma okuqukethwe okufanayo kuvuleka kumakheli angaphezu kwelilodwa, i-Google ikhetha elilodwa ukulibonisa. Ithegi ye-«canonical» itshela i-Google ukuthi yiliphi olithandayo. I-Google iyithatha njengomkhondo oqinile, hhayi njengomyalo.

I-Google ithi isihloko sekhasi sivame ukusetshenziswa njengesihloko somphumela wokusesha, futhi kufanele sichaze futhi sibe sifushane. I-Google ayibeki inani lezinhlamvu kodwa iyazinciphisa izihloko ezinde, ngakho ububanzi bobude esibuhlolayo bungumthetho wethu wokwenza.

I-Google ingabonisa incazelo ye-meta njengombhalo omfushane ngaphansi komphumela wakho uma ichaza ikhasi kahle. I-Google ayibeki ubude; ububanzi esibuhlolayo ngobethu, ngokuya ngalokho okuvame ukulingana.

Umhlahlandlela we-Google wokuqala i-SEO uncoma izihloko ezibonisa ukuthi ikhasi lihlelwe kanjani, futhi imihlahlandlela yokufinyeleleka ithi isihloko esikhulu kufanele sichaze ikhasi. I-Google ayidingi isihloko esikhulu esisodwa kuphela; leyo ngxenye ingumthetho wethu wokucaca.

Imihlahlandlela yokufinyeleleka ye-W3C icela ukuthi izihloko zilandelane ngokulandelana, zingeqi amazinga, ukuze abantu abasebenzisa izifundi zesikrini bakwazi ukuthola indlela yabo. I-Google ithi ukulandelana kwezihloko akubalulekile emiphumeleni yayo, ngakho lokhu kuhlola kwenzelwe abafundi, hhayi i-Google.

I-Google ithi ayinalo inani lamagama elithandayo, futhi iklomelisa amakhasi aphendula umbuzo wesivakashi ngokugcwele. Amakhasi amafushane kakhulu awavamile ukwenza lokho, ngakho siyaxwayisa ngaphansi kwenani lamagama esizikhethele lona. Kuyisibonakaliso esilinganisiwe, hhayi umthetho we-Google.

I-WCAG, izinga lomhlaba lokufinyeleleka, icela incazelo ebhaliwe yesithombe ngasinye esinencazelo, ukuze izivakashi ezingaboni zazi ukuthi sibonisani. I-Google nayo isebenzisa lezi zincazelo (umbhalo ongenye indlela) ukuqonda izithombe.

I-Google ithola amakhasi amaningi ngokulandela izixhumanisi. Umhlahlandlela wayo uthi ikhasi ngalinye olikhathalelayo kufanele libe nesixhumanisi okungenani esivela kwelinye ikhasi elilodwa kusayithi lakho, ngamagama achaza lapho siya khona.

I-Google isebenzisa ikakhulukazi uhlobo lweselula lwekhasi emiphumeleni yayo, ekubiza ngokuthi ukufaka uhlu ngokuqala ngeselula. Ngaphandle kwesilungiselelo se-«viewport», iselula ibonisa ikhasi lekhompyutha elincane kakhulu okunzima ukulifunda nokulisebenzisa.

I-WCAG icela ukuthi ikhasi ngalinye lisho ulimi lwalo, ukuze izifundi zesikrini ziphimisele amagama kahle futhi iziphequluli zinikeze ukuhumusha. I-Google ithi ithola ulimi embhalweni obonakalayo futhi ayisinaki lesi silungiselelo, ngakho ukuhlola kusiza izivakashi, hhayi indawo emiphumeleni.

Isikhathi kuze kufike ibhayithi yokuqala yisikhathi iseva esithathayo ukuqala ukuthumela ikhasi. Umhlahlandlela we-web.dev we-Google ubiza imizuzwana engu-0.8 noma ngaphansi ngokuthi muhle, futhi ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engu-1.8 ngokuthi mubi, imikhawulo esiyisebenzisayo. Ucwaningo lwe-Deloitte olwakhokhelwa yi-Google lwathola ukuthi amakhasi asheshayo kancane eselula aletha ukuthengisa okwengeziwe. Silinganisa kanye kusuka kuseva yethu, okungafani ne-Core Web Vitals evela ezivakashini zangempela.

Amaseva angacindezela ikhasi ngaphambi kokulithumela, ngezindlela ezifana ne-gzip noma i-Brotli, bese isiphequluli siyalivula uma lifika. Imibhalo ye-Mozilla ichaza ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Amakhasi amancane afika ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ekuxhumaneni kweselula okuhamba kancane.

Iphrothokholi ye-Open Graph ibeka isihloko, umbhalo nesithombe okuvela lapho othile ehlanganyela isixhumanisi sakho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana noma kuzinhlelo zokuthumela imilayezo. Ayithinti indawo ku-Google, kodwa inquma ukuthi ikhasi lakho libukeka kanjani uma lihlanganyelwa.

Idatha ehlelekile ingamalebula afihliwe atshela izinjini zokusesha ukuthi ikhasi limayelana nani, njengebhizinisi, umkhiqizo noma isihloko. I-Google iyisebenzisa ukuqonda amakhasi nemiphumela enemininingwane eminingi, kodwa amalebula alungile awakuqinisekisi lokho. Sihlola kuphela ukuthi amalebula ayafundeka ngaphandle kwamaphutha.

Unyaka omdala we-copyright onyaweni lwekhasi uyisibonakaliso esincane sokuthi akekho onakekela isayithi. Ayikho injini yokusesha noma umthetho ofuna unyaka wamanje. Lokhu kungukuhlola kwethu uqobo, yingakho cishe kungenasisindo.

Ngaphansi kwe-GDPR yase-UK neye-EU, isayithi eliqoqa imininingwane yomuntu siqu kumele litshele abantu ukuthi liqoqani nokuthi kungani, ngokuvamile enqubomgomeni yobumfihlo. Umlawuli wase-UK, i-ICO, uchaza okudingekayo. Imigomo yokusebenzisa ayidingwa ngumthetho njalo, kodwa ibeka imithetho ecacile yezivakashi.

Imithetho yase-UK neye-EU mayelana namakhukhi ithi amakhukhi angabalulekile, njengawokuhlaziya nawezikhangiso, adinga imvume yesivakashi kuqala. Umhlahlandlela we-ICO uyakuchaza lokhu. Sifuna amathuluzi aziwayo okulandelela nawemvume, kodwa asikwazi ukufakazela ukuthi isayithi lenzani ngempela.

Umthetho we-EU mayelana nezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ucela amabhizinisi ukuthi anikeze ikheli le-imeyili noma enye indlela esheshayo yokuxhumana nawo, futhi i-UK inomthetho ofanayo. Imihlahlandlela ye-Google kubahloli nayo ibheka imininingwane yokuxhumana ecacile lapho bekala ukuthi isayithi liyathembeka yini.

Umhlahlandlela we-Google mayelana namakhodi esimo uchaza ukuthi isixhumanisi esiya ekhasini elingekho («404») asiholeli ndawo, futhi lawo makhasi aphuma ekusesheni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izixhumanisi eziphukile azinciphisi indawo ngqo, kodwa zivimba izivakashi namarobhothi ukuthi afinyelele okuqukethwe kwakho.

I-Google icela ukuthi amakhasi angekho athumele isimo sangempela se-«404 akutholakali», hhayi ikhasi elijwayelekile elithi nje «akutholakali», ekubiza ngokuthi i-soft 404. Ikhasi lephutha eliwusizo liphinde ligcine izivakashi ezilahlekile kusayithi lakho.

Uma ikhasi livuleka ne-www nangaphandle kwayo, noma nge-http nange-https, i-Google kumele ikhethe elilodwa. I-Google incoma ukuthi ukhethe ikheli elilodwa bese uqondisa amanye kulo unomphela.

Izixhumanisi ezivula ithebhu entsha zazikade zivumela ikhasi elisha ukuthi lilawule elidala, iqhinga elalisetshenziselwa ukukhwabanisa. Ukwengeza i-rel="noopener" kuyakuvimba lokhu. Imibhalo ye-Mozilla iphawula ukuthi iziphequluli zesimanje sezikwenza lokhu ngokwazo, ngakho ingozi ikakhulukazi isezipheqululini ezindala.

Umhlahlandlela we-web.dev we-Google uchaza ukuthi izithombe ze-WebP ngokuvamile zincane ngokubonakalayo kune-JPEG noma i-PNG ngekhwalithi efanayo, futhi i-AVIF intsha futhi ivame ukuba ncane nakakhulu. Izithombe ezincane zilayisha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi eselula.

Uma isithombe singenabo ububanzi nobude obubekiwe, isiphequluli asikwazi ukusigcinela isikhala, ngakho umbhalo uyagxuma lapho silayisha. I-Google ilinganisa lokhu «kushintsha kokwakheka» njengenye ye-Core Web Vitals futhi incoma ukubeka osayizi bezithombe ukuze kuvinjwe.

Iziphequluli zingalinda ukulayisha izithombe kuze kube yilapho isivakashi sisondela kuzo, nge-loading="lazy". Umhlahlandlela we-Google uthi lokhu konga idatha futhi kusheshise ukubuka kokuqala, kodwa izithombe eziphezulu ekhasini kufanele zilayishe ngokushesha.

Uma ikhasi lisebenzisa ifonti yalo, ezinye iziphequluli zifihla umbhalo kuze kufike ifonti. Umhlahlandlela we-Google uncoma i-«font-display: swap», ukuze umbhalo uvele ngokushesha ngefonti ejwayelekile bese ushintsha uma ifonti ekhethekile isilungile.

Ukugcina okwesikhashana kuvumela isiphequluli ukuthi sigcine amafayela esesiwalandile, ukuze izivakashi ezibuyayo zingaphindi ziwalande. Umhlahlandlela we-Google uchaza ukuthi isikhathi eside se-«Cache-Control» sikwenza kanjani lokhu kumafayela angavamile ukushintsha.

Umkhondo we-«preload» utshela isiphequluli ukuthi silethe ifayela elibalulekile kusenesikhathi, njengefonti eyinhloko noma isithombe esiyinhloko. Umhlahlandlela we-Google uthi ungasheshisa ukulayisha uma usetshenziselwa amafayela ambalwa abalulekile. Kungokuzikhethela, ngakho awuwanciphisi neze amaphuzu akho.

I-WCAG icela indlela yokweqa izingxenye eziphindaphindwa kuwo wonke amakhasi, njengemenyu. Isixhumanisi esithi «yeqela kokuqukethwe» sivumela abantu abasebenzisa ikhibhodi ukuthi baye ngqo kokuqukethwe okuyinhloko.

Umhlahlandlela we-W3C mayelana nezimpawu zezindawo (isihloko sekhasi, ukuzulazula, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko nonyawo lwekhasi) uchaza ukuthi izifundi zesikrini zivumela abantu ukuthi beqe phakathi kwalezi zindawo. Amakhasi akhiwe ngazo alula kakhulu ukuzulazula kuwo ngaphandle kokuwabona.

I-WCAG idinga ukuthi abantu abasebenzisa ikhibhodi bahlale bebona ukuthi yisiphi isixhumanisi noma inkinobho ekhethiwe. Sifuna izitayela ezifihla lo mugqa ngaphandle kokufaka okunye esikhundleni sawo.

I-WCAG icela umehluko wemibala okungenani ongu-4.5 ku-1 phakathi kombhalo ojwayelekile nengemuva lawo, ukuze abantu ababona kancane bakwazi ukuwufunda. I-WebAIM Million, ukuhlola kwaminyaka yonke kwamakhasi okuqala ayisigidi, ithola ukuthi umbhalo onomehluko omncane wemibala yinkinga evame kakhulu. Asiwulinganisi umehluko wemibala, ngoba lokho kudinga ukuthi ikhasi lidwetshwe esikrinini, futhi sikusho lokho esikhundleni sokuqagela.

Izivakashi ezibhala ikheli lakho ngaphandle kwe-https:// kufanele zifike ohlotsheni oluphephile. Imibhalo ye-Mozilla ichaza ukuthi ukuqondisa unomphela kwenza lokhu, nokuthi isilungiselelo sesiphequluli ekuhloleni okulandelayo (HSTS) sivala igebe elishiywa ukuqondisa.

I-HSTS yizinga le-inthanethi (RFC 6797) elitshela iziphequluli ukuthi zihlale zisebenzisa uhlobo oluphephile lwesayithi lakho, ngisho noma othile ebhala noma echofoza isixhumanisi se-http://. Ngaphandle kwayo, ukuvakasha okuqala nge-http:// kungabanjwa ngaphambi kokuqondiswa.

I-OWASP, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo eshicilela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha kwewebhu, ibala izilungiselelo (ama-header) iseva engazithumela ukuze isiphequluli sivimbe ukuhlasela okujwayelekile, njengokuvulwa kwekhasi lakho ngaphakathi kwelinye isayithi noma ukusebenza kwama-script ayingozi. Sihlola lezo eziyinhloko ezincomayo.

I-Google ibonisa isithonjana sesayithi eduze kwemiphumela yayo yokusesha futhi ichaza ukuthi singabekwa kanjani. Iziphequluli nazo zisibonisa kumathebhu nakumabhukhimakhi, okusiza izivakashi ukuthi zibone isayithi lakho.

I-GOV.UK, iwebhusayithi kahulumeni wase-UK, ikhawulela imisho emagameni angu-25 noma ngaphansi, icaphuna ucwaningo oluthi abafundi baqonda okuncane kakhulu njengoba imisho iba mide. Siyaxwayisa uma isilinganiso sidlula amagama angu-20, umkhawulo wethu oqinile kancane.

Ucwaningo lwe-Nielsen Norman Group mayelana nokuthi abantu bafunda kanjani ku-inthanethi lwathola ukuthi abantu baphequlula amakhasi ngamehlo, nokuthi izigaba ezimfushane ezinomqondo owodwa ngamunye zenza amakhasi alula ukuwasebenzisa. Umkhawulo wamagama angu-150 esiwusebenzisayo ngowethu.

Lolo cwaningo lwathola ukuthi izihlokwana ezinencazelo zisiza abafundi ukuphequlula ikhasi nokuthola abakudingayo. Sicela isihlokwana okungenani njalo ngemva kwamagama angu-350; lelo nani ngelethu.

Amaphuzu e-Flesch okulula ukufunda, ashicilelwa ngu-Rudolf Flesch ngo-1948, akala umbhalo ngobude bemisho namagama awo. Amaphuzu angu-60 noma ngaphezulu acishe alingane nesiNgisi esilula. Enzelwe isiNgisi, ngakho sikala amakhasi esiNgisi kuphela futhi sisho ukuthi ezinye izilimi azilinganiswa.

Umhlahlandlela wesitayela we-GOV.UK uthi umbhalo omude ungabhalwa ngezinhlamvu ezinkulu, ngoba kunzima ukuwufunda. Sifuna amagama ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu alandelanayo abhalwe ngezinhlamvu ezinkulu.

I-WCAG icela ukuthi inhloso yesixhumanisi ngasinye icace emagameni aso, noma emagameni aso nomusho osizungezile. Abantu abasebenzisa izifundi zesikrini bavame ukuzwa uhlu lwazo zonke izixhumanisi zekhasi, lapho okuthi «chofoza lapha» kungabatsheli lutho.

I-WCAG idinga ukuthi inkinobho nesixhumanisi ngasinye kube negama ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obungalifunda ngokuzwakalayo; isithonjana esingenalebula simenyezelwa kuphela ngokuthi «inkinobho». I-WebAIM Million ibeka izixhumanisi nezinkinobho ezingenalutho phakathi kwezinkinga ezivame kakhulu emakhasini okuqala.

I-WCAG icela ilebula enkundleni ngayinye yefomu. Isifundo samafomu se-W3C sichaza ukuthi umbhalo wesibonelo ompunga awulona ingxenye engena esikhundleni sayo, ngoba uyanyamalala lapho umuntu ebhala futhi uvame ukuba nzima ukuwubona.

I-WCAG icela ukuthi umbhalo ukwazi ukukhuliswa uphindwe kabili ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okuqukethwe. Izilungiselelo zeselula ezivimba ukusondeza ngeminwe emibili zivimba abantu ababona kancane ukuthi benze lokhu.

Alikho izinga elibeka usayizi omncane kakhulu wombhalo; esikhundleni salokho i-WCAG icela ukuthi umbhalo ukwazi ukukhuliswa. Iziphequluli ziqala kumaphikseli angu-16, futhi umkhawulo wethu wamaphikseli angu-14 ungumthetho wethu wokwenza.

I-WCAG icela imibhalo engezansi kumavidiyo aqoshiwe anomsindo, ukuze abantu abangezwa, nanoma ubani obuka ngaphandle komsindo, bakwazi ukuwalandela.

I-WCAG icela ukuthi noma yimuphi umsindo odlala ngokwawo isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzwana emithathu ukwazi ukumiswa noma wehliswe. Umsindo oqala ngokwawo ungaphinde uminze isifundi sesikrini.

I-WCAG icela ukuthi okuqukethwe okunyakazayo, okucwazimulayo noma okushelelayo kukwazi ukumiswa, nokuthi ukunyakaza okubangelwa ukuskrola kukwazi ukucishwa. Amadivayisi avumela abantu ukuthi bacele ukunyakaza okuncane, futhi amakhasi angakuhlonipha lokho ngesilungiselelo se-«prefers-reduced-motion». Ukunyakaza kungenza abanye abantu bazulelwe noma bacanuzelwe yinhliziyo.

Umhlahlandlela we-Google uchaza amawindi aqhamukayo aphazamisayo, njengalawo amboza okuqukethwe ngokushesha nje lapho ufika, ikakhulukazi eselula, futhi uphakamisa amabhena angaphazamisi kangako. Asikwazi ukubona ukuthi iwindi eliqhamukayo livela nini, ngakho lokhu kuhlola kuyaxwayisa kuphela.

I-Coalition for Better Ads, iqembu labakhangisi nabashicileli, yacwaninga izikhangiso abantu abazithola zicasula kakhulu, kwabamba iqhaza abantu abangaphezu kuka-150,000. Ama-Better Ads Standards ayo azibala, njengezikhangiso eziqhamukayo, amavidiyo adlala nomsindo nezikhangiso ezimboza iningi lesikrini seselula.

Umbhalo okhohliwe ofana nokuthi «Lorem ipsum» noma «Njengemodeli yolimi ye-AI» utshela abafundi ukuthi akekho owahlola ikhasi. I-Google ithi ikala okuqukethwe ngekhwalithi yakho noma kwenziwe kanjani, futhi izinqubomgomo zayo ezimelene ne-spam zihlanganisa amakhasi enziwe ngobuningi anenani elincane. Imihlahlandlela ye-Bing nayo ixwayisa ngokuqukethwe okuningi okwenziwe ngaphandle kokubuyekezwa ngumhleli.

Ucwaningo lwango-2025 kujenali i-Science Advances lwabala amagama ezifinyezweni zocwaningo lwezokwelapha ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15 futhi lwathola ukwanda okungazelelwe kwamagama afana nokuthi «delves» nokuthi «showcasing» ngemva kokufika kwe-ChatGPT. Uhlu lwethu lwemisho ecishe ibe ngu-40, nomkhawulo ka-2 emagameni ayi-1,000, ngokwethu. Kuyizibonakaliso, hhayi ubufakazi: umuntu angakubhala nakho.

Umusho ofanayo ovela kathathu noma ngaphezulu uyisibonakaliso esivamile sombhalo okhiqizwe noma okopishwe ngobuningi. Lokhu kungukuhlola kwethu uqobo. Umhlahlandlela we-Google mayelana nokuqukethwe okuwusizo ubuza ukuthi ikhasi lengeza inani langempela yini esikhundleni sokuziphinda.